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Recommended:
Plan a clear floor space of at least 30” from the front edge of all fixtures (i.e., lavatory, toilet, bidet, tub and shower) to any opposite bath fixture, wall or obstacle.
Code Requirement:
- A minimum space of at least 21” must be planned in front of lavatory, toilet, bidet and tub. (IRC P 2705.1.5)
- A minimum space of at least 24” must be planned in front of a shower entry. (IRC R 307.1)
Access Standard
Recommended:
Plan a minimum clear floor space of 30” x 48” at each fixture, plus space for maneuvering including approach and turning for a person using a wheelchair.
Plan a knee space at the lavatory or workspace to allow for a seated user. Recommended minimum size of a knee space is 36” wide x 27” high x 8” deep, increasing to 17” deep in the toe space, which extends 9” from the floor. Insulation for exposed pipes should be provided.
Consider the user’s method of transfer to the toilet to plan a clear space to fit the user’s needs.
Code Reference:
- A clear floor space of at least 30” (762 mm) by 48” (1219 mm) should be provided at each fixture. (ANSI 305.3). Clear spaces can overlap.(ANSI 1002.11.2)
- Include a wheelchair turning space with a diameter of at least 60” (1524 mm), which can include knee* and toe* clearances. (ANSI 304.3.1).
- A wheelchair turning space could utilize a T-shaped space, which is a 60” square with two 12” wide x 24” deep areas removed from two corners of the square. This leaves a minimum 36” wide base and two 36” wide arms. T-shaped wheelchair turning spaces can include knee* and toe* clearances. (ANSI 304.3.2)
*Knee clearance must be a minimum 30” wide (36” to use as part of the T-turn) and maintain a 27” clear space under the cabinet, counter or sink for a depth of 8”. The next 11” of depth may slope down to a height of 9”, with a clear space of at least 17” extending beneath the element. (ANSI 306.3)
*Toe clearance space under a cabinet or fixture is between the floor and 9” (229 mm) above the floor. Where toe clearance is required as part of a clear floor space, the toe clearance should extend 17” minimum beneath the element. (ANSI 306.2)
Grooming
- The clear floor space should be centered on the lavatory. (ANSI 1002.10.1)
Bathing and Showering
- Clearance in front of bathtubs should extend the length of the bathtub and be at least 30” (762 mm) wide. (ANSI 607.2)
Code Reference:
Bathing and Showering
- When a permanent seat is provided at the head of the bathtub, the clearance should extend a minimum of 12” (305 mm) beyond the wall at the head end of the bathtub. (ANSI 607.2)
- The clearance in front of the transfer-type shower compartment should be at least 48” (1219 mm) long measured from the control wall and 36” (914 mm) wide. (ANSI 608.2)
- The clearance in front of a roll-in-type shower compartment should be at least 60” (1524 mm) long next to the open face of the shower compartment and 30” (762 mm) wide. (ANSI 608.2)
Toileting
- When both a parallel and a forward approach to the toilet are provided, the clearance should be at least 56” (1422 mm) measured perpendicular from the rear wall, and 60” (1524 mm) measured perpendicular from the sidewall. No other fixture or obstruction should be within the clearance area. (ANSI 604.3.1, 1002.11.5.2.3)
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